JoyNotes

Stephen Beutel Mrs. More – Per. 2 Eng 10H Grammar & Vocabulary Midterm Review Sheet Unit 1 Asperity – 1) Sharpness of harshness of manner 2) Roughness of surface; unevenness Bane – A person or thing that destroys or causes harm Buffoon – A person who often makes attempts to be funny; a clown; a fool Doleful – Mournful or full of sorrow; causing grief Extrovert – A person whose attention is focused on others and on what is going on around him or her, rather than on her or his own feelings Garish – Excessively bright and flashy; tastelessly glaring Hierarchy – A group or system in which positions of power are ranked, usually from lowest to highest Imbue – To fill completely with a feeling or idea; to inspire Instigate – To stir up or urge on; to provoke Penchant – A strong attraction or leaning Rambunctious – Behaving in a wild and unruly manner Repertoire – The list of pieces an actor, musician, etc. is ready to perform; the skills or accomplishments of a person or groups Rudiment – 1) A basic principle or skills 2) An undeveloped or beginning stage Undermine- 1) To weaken or ruin by degrees 2) To attack by indirect, secret, or underhanded means Unremitting – Not stopping or slowing down; constant Unit 2 Adjudicate – To hear and decide judicially; to judge Centennial – A one-hundredth anniversary or its celebration Of or pertaining to a period of one hundred years Countenance – 1) A person’s face; the expression on a person’s face 2) Support or approval To support or approve; to tolerate Disgruntle – To make dissatisfied; to be put in a bad mood Equilibrium – A state of balance Expedite – To speed up a process; to facilitate Gird – 1) To encircle, bind, or surround 2) To get ready for action; to brace Gratuitous – 1) Not called for; unnecessary 2) Without charge; free Illusory – Unreal or imagined; deceiving Implacable – Incapable o being placated, soothed, or significantly changed; relentless Luminary – 1) A source of light, especially from the sky, such as the sun or moon 2) A person who is well-known for her or his achievements; a celebrity Manifesto – A public statement explaining the intentions, motives, or views of an individual or group Mesmerize – To fascinate or hypnotize Precedent – An act, statement, etc. that may serve as an example or justification for a later one Spurious – Not genuine; false Unit 3 Curtail – To cut short or reduce Discriminate – 1) To make or recognize clear distinctions 2) To treat in a less or more favorable way Espionage – The act of spying, especially a government spy obtaining secrets of another government Inalienable – Not able to be taken or given away Incarcerate – To confine or to put in prison Indignity – An insult too one’s pride; offensive or humiliating treatment Indiscriminate – Not marked by careful distinction; haphazard Infamous – 1) Having a very bad reputation; notorious 2) Disgraceful; vicious Intercede – To act or plead on another’ behalf; to try and smooth the differences between two parties Malign – To say negative and unfair things about; slander Evil; showing ill will Perpetrate – To commit, as a crime or other antisocial act Rampant – Threateningly wild, without restraint or control; widespread Rancor – A deep, long-held feeling of hatred or bitterness Reparation – 1) A mending or repair 2) A making up or payment for a wrong or damage done, especially in the case of an international war Smattering – 1) Superficial, scattered knowledge 2) A small amount Unit 4 Accolade – An expression of approval or respect for special merit; an award Adamant – Not yielding; firm Adulate – To flatter or admire excessively; to idolize Altercation – A loud and determined dispute; a noisy quarrel Annals – A historical record of events, often arranged in a yearly sequence Assiduous – Diligent and persistent Chary – Exercising caution; hesitant Clique – A small, exclisvie group; a group held together by like intrests or purpose Decrepit – Worn-out with use; broken-down Endow – To provide with a quality, a thing, or a gift of money Ephemeral – Lasting a very short period of time Ingratiate – To work to gain the favor of someone Pantheon – A group of people held in high esteem for their great achievements Perverse – 1) Turned away from what is right; wicked 2) Stubbornly opposing what is right or reasonable; obstinate Tutelage – Instruction, protection, or guardianship Unit 5 Acrimony – Bitterness or sharpness of temper, manner, or speech; hostility Affinity – Attraction for someone or something with which one feels a closeness or kinship Ambivalent – Having mixed, often opposing, feelings about something or someone; indecisive. Cessation – A stopping, either final or temporary Emaciated – Very thin or wasted away, especially from lack of nourishment; scrawny Enclave – A distinct region or community enclosed within a larger territory Engender – To bring into being; to produce Exacerbate – To make more severe, bitter, or violent Illicit – Not allowed, improper, or unlawful Indigenous – Naturally living or growing in a certain area; native Inexorable – Not to be persuaded, stopped, or moved by entreaty or plea; relentless Infatuated – Filled with excessive, shallow, or foolish love or desire Insatiable – Never satisfied; greedy Poignant – Painfully moving, affecting, or touching Proselytize – To convert someone to a faith, belief, or cause. Unit 6 Ameliorate – To make better; to become better; to improve Baleful – Expressing hatred or evil; harmful, ominous Berate – To criticize vigorously; to scold vehemently Circumvent – To avoid through craftiness Compunction – A feeling of uneasiness or anxiety caused by guilt Condone – To overlook or to accept without punishment; to pardon or excuse Diminutive – Very small; tiny Euphemism – A polite term used to avoid directly naming something considered offensive or unpleasant Expendable – Able to be used up and then discarded or replaced Heresy – The expression of shocking or unacceptable news Infirmity – Physical or mental weakness or defect Profane – To treat with scorn or irreverence 1) Disrespectful of sacred things 2) Not connected with religion; worldly Recompense – To pay or compensate Payment; compensation Repast – Food and drink; a meal Servitude – A lack of freedom; forced labor Unit 7 Castigate – To punish by criticizing sharply; to berate Colloquial – Characterized by informal language Epitaph – The words carved on a tombstone in memory of the deceased Exodus – A mass departure Inter – To put into a grave; to bury Lacerate – To tear or cut roughly Largesse – The act of giving generously; gifts Obituary – A notice of someone’s death, such as in a newspaper, usually with a brief summary of that person’s life. Omnivorous – 1) Eating all kinds of food, including both animal and vegetable food 2) Taking in everything available Permeate – To spread throughout; to pass through Rendition – An interpretation or translation; a performance Resurgence – A rising again to life, use, acceptance, or prominence; a revival Stereotype – A generalization that is used to characterize a person without acknowledging individual differences To make judgments that ignore individual differences Stipend – A regular and fixed amount of pay for work done or to help cover living or work expenses Subservient – Serving or acting in a subordinate manner; servile Unit 8 Adjacent – Near or next to; adjoining Beset – 1) To surround or to attack repeatedly 2) To trouble or weigh down Cede – To give up or transfer, especially by treaty or formal agreement Circuitous – Roundabout; indirect Desultory – Proceeding or carried out in an aimless or random way Galvanize – To excite or arouse action Implement – A tool or instrument To carry out Inconsequential – Lacking importance or worth; unable to make an impact; trivial Magnitude – Greatness of size, power, or influence Materialize – 1) To become real or actual 2) To appear in physical form, especially suddenly Muster – A gathering, usually of military forces To summon or call forth; to gather Prohibitive – Serving to restrain action or discourage the use of Reminisce – To think or talk about one’s past The act of remembering; a recollection Suggestive of something else Vanguard – The leading or forward position in a movement Visionary – A person who is given to ideas that are not currently realistic a dreamer Able to see what might be accomplished in the future Grammar Review  Semicolons  Used between two independent clauses  Joined by a conjunction if the first clause contains commas o Ex) Bob was watching tv, taking notes, and listening to his sister; and he still got a 100% on his exam.  Used between a series of phrases that contain commas o Ex) Kids who visit our class come from places such as London, England; San Juan, Puerto Rico; and Moscow, Russia.  Subjective Pronouns  Ask “Who can go to the mall??”  Act as subjects in sentence  Come before the verb  As a predicate nominative, it follows a linking verb and is at end of sentence I We You They He It She Objective Pronouns  Ask “To whom you throw the ball??”  Act as objects in sentence  Receive the action of the verb (follow the verb)  Follow prepositions Me Us You Them  Him Her  It Appositives  A noun or pronoun set beside another noun or pronoun  Usually follows the word it explains or identifies  If the information in the appositive is essential to the meaning of the sentence, do not put commas around it.  If the information in the appositive is not necessary to the meaning of the sentence, place commas around it. ***Each, either, neither, anything ending in “-body” or “-one” is singular!!!*** 

Document Info

Posted By:

Stephen Beutel

Date:

Monday, January 21, 2008

School:

Clarkstown High School South

Class:

English 10H

Tags:

• grammar
• vocab
• english
• Review Sheet

About this Document

This is my review sheet for my English 10H Midterm that contains 8 lessons of vocabulary and several grammar rules that I have learned so far.